/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
  =========                 |
  \\      /  F ield         | OpenFOAM: The Open Source CFD Toolbox
   \\    /   O peration     |
    \\  /    A nd           | Copyright (C) 1991-2010 OpenCFD Ltd.
     \\/     M anipulation  |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
License
    This file is part of OpenFOAM.

    OpenFOAM is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
    under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.

    OpenFOAM is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
    ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
    for more details.

    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with OpenFOAM.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

\*---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#include "isoSurfaceCell.H"
#include <OpenFOAM/dictionary.H>
#include <OpenFOAM/polyMesh.H>
#include <OpenFOAM/mergePoints.H>
#include <OpenFOAM/tetMatcher.H>
#include <OpenFOAM/syncTools.H>
#include <OpenFOAM/addToRunTimeSelectionTable.H>
#include <triSurface/faceTriangulation.H>

// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Static Data Members * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

namespace Foam
{
    defineTypeNameAndDebug(isoSurfaceCell, 0);
}

// * * * * * * * * * * * * * Private Member Functions  * * * * * * * * * * * //

Foam::scalar Foam::isoSurfaceCell::isoFraction
(
    const scalar s0,
    const scalar s1
) const
{
    scalar d = s1-s0;

    if (mag(d) > VSMALL)
    {
        return (iso_-s0)/d;
    }
    else
    {
        return -1.0;
    }
}


//Foam::List<Foam::triFace> Foam::isoSurfaceCell::triangulate(const face& f)
// const
//{
//    faceList triFaces(f.nTriangles(mesh_.points()));
//    label triFaceI = 0;
//    f.triangles(mesh_.points(), triFaceI, triFaces);
//
//    List<triFace> tris(triFaces.size());
//    forAll(triFaces, i)
//    {
//        tris[i][0] = triFaces[i][0];
//        tris[i][1] = triFaces[i][1];
//        tris[i][2] = triFaces[i][2];
//    }
//    return tris;
//}


Foam::isoSurfaceCell::cellCutType Foam::isoSurfaceCell::calcCutType
(
    const PackedBoolList& isTet,
    const scalarField& cellValues,
    const scalarField& pointValues,
    const label cellI
) const
{
    const cell& cFaces = mesh_.cells()[cellI];

    if (isTet.get(cellI) == 1)
    {
        forAll(cFaces, cFaceI)
        {
            const face& f = mesh_.faces()[cFaces[cFaceI]];

            for (label fp = 1; fp < f.size() - 1; fp++)
            {
                triFace tri(f[0], f[fp], f[f.fcIndex(fp)]);

                bool aLower = (pointValues[tri[0]] < iso_);
                bool bLower = (pointValues[tri[1]] < iso_);
                bool cLower = (pointValues[tri[2]] < iso_);

                if (aLower == bLower && aLower == cLower)
                {}
                else
                {
                    return CUT;
                }
            }
        }
        return NOTCUT;
    }
    else
    {
        bool cellLower = (cellValues[cellI] < iso_);

        // First check if there is any cut in cell
        bool edgeCut = false;

        forAll(cFaces, cFaceI)
        {
            const face& f = mesh_.faces()[cFaces[cFaceI]];

            // Check pyramids cut
            forAll(f, fp)
            {
                if ((pointValues[f[fp]] < iso_) != cellLower)
                {
                    edgeCut = true;
                    break;
                }
            }

            if (edgeCut)
            {
                break;
            }

            for (label fp = 1; fp < f.size() - 1; fp++)
            {
                triFace tri(f[0], f[fp], f[f.fcIndex(fp)]);
            //List<triFace> tris(triangulate(f));
            //forAll(tris, i)
            //{
            //    const triFace& tri = tris[i];

                bool aLower = (pointValues[tri[0]] < iso_);
                bool bLower = (pointValues[tri[1]] < iso_);
                bool cLower = (pointValues[tri[2]] < iso_);

                if (aLower == bLower && aLower == cLower)
                {}
                else
                {
                    edgeCut = true;
                    break;
                }
            }

            if (edgeCut)
            {
                break;
            }
        }

        if (edgeCut)
        {
            // Count actual cuts (expensive since addressing needed)
            // Note: not needed if you don't want to preserve maxima/minima
            // centred around cellcentre. In that case just always return CUT

            const labelList& cPoints = mesh_.cellPoints(cellI);

            label nPyrCuts = 0;

            forAll(cPoints, i)
            {
                if ((pointValues[cPoints[i]] < iso_) != cellLower)
                {
                    nPyrCuts++;
                }
            }

            if (nPyrCuts == cPoints.size())
            {
                return SPHERE;
            }
            else
            {
                return CUT;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            return NOTCUT;
        }
    }
}


void Foam::isoSurfaceCell::calcCutTypes
(
    const PackedBoolList& isTet,
    const scalarField& cVals,
    const scalarField& pVals
)
{
    cellCutType_.setSize(mesh_.nCells());
    nCutCells_ = 0;
    forAll(mesh_.cells(), cellI)
    {
        cellCutType_[cellI] = calcCutType(isTet, cVals, pVals, cellI);

        if (cellCutType_[cellI] == CUT)
        {
            nCutCells_++;
        }
    }

    if (debug)
    {
        Pout<< "isoSurfaceCell : detected " << nCutCells_
            << " candidate cut cells." << endl;
    }
}



// Return the two common points between two triangles
Foam::labelPair Foam::isoSurfaceCell::findCommonPoints
(
    const labelledTri& tri0,
    const labelledTri& tri1
)
{
    labelPair common(-1, -1);

    label fp0 = 0;
    label fp1 = findIndex(tri1, tri0[fp0]);

    if (fp1 == -1)
    {
        fp0 = 1;
        fp1 = findIndex(tri1, tri0[fp0]);
    }

    if (fp1 != -1)
    {
        // So tri0[fp0] is tri1[fp1]

        // Find next common point
        label fp0p1 = tri0.fcIndex(fp0);
        label fp1p1 = tri1.fcIndex(fp1);
        label fp1m1 = tri1.rcIndex(fp1);

        if (tri0[fp0p1] == tri1[fp1p1] || tri0[fp0p1] == tri1[fp1m1])
        {
            common[0] = tri0[fp0];
            common[1] = tri0[fp0p1];
        }
    }
    return common;
}


// Caculate centre of surface.
Foam::point Foam::isoSurfaceCell::calcCentre(const triSurface& s)
{
    vector sum = vector::zero;

    forAll(s, i)
    {
        sum += s[i].centre(s.points());
    }
    return sum/s.size();
}


// Replace surface (localPoints, localTris) with single point. Returns
// point. Destructs arguments.
Foam::pointIndexHit Foam::isoSurfaceCell::collapseSurface
(
    pointField& localPoints,
    DynamicList<labelledTri, 64>& localTris
)
{
    pointIndexHit info(false, vector::zero, localTris.size());

    if (localTris.size() == 1)
    {
        const labelledTri& tri = localTris[0];
        info.setPoint(tri.centre(localPoints));
        info.setHit();
    }
    else if (localTris.size() == 2)
    {
        // Check if the two triangles share an edge.
        const labelledTri& tri0 = localTris[0];
        const labelledTri& tri1 = localTris[0];

        labelPair shared = findCommonPoints(tri0, tri1);

        if (shared[0] != -1)
        {
            info.setPoint
            (
                0.5
              * (
                    tri0.centre(localPoints)
                  + tri1.centre(localPoints)
                )
            );
            info.setHit();
        }
    }
    else if (localTris.size())
    {
        // Check if single region. Rare situation.
        triSurface surf
        (
            localTris,
            geometricSurfacePatchList(0),
            localPoints,
            true
        );
        localTris.clearStorage();

        labelList faceZone;
        label nZones = surf.markZones
        (
            boolList(surf.nEdges(), false),
            faceZone
        );

        if (nZones == 1)
        {
            info.setPoint(calcCentre(surf));
            info.setHit();
        }
    }

    return info;
}


void Foam::isoSurfaceCell::calcSnappedCc
(
    const PackedBoolList& isTet,
    const scalarField& cVals,
    const scalarField& pVals,

    DynamicList<point>& snappedPoints,
    labelList& snappedCc
) const
{
    const pointField& cc = mesh_.cellCentres();
    const pointField& pts = mesh_.points();

    snappedCc.setSize(mesh_.nCells());
    snappedCc = -1;

    // Work arrays
    DynamicList<point, 64> localPoints(64);
    DynamicList<labelledTri, 64> localTris(64);
    Map<label> pointToLocal(64);

    forAll(mesh_.cells(), cellI)
    {
        if (cellCutType_[cellI] == CUT && isTet.get(cellI) == 0)
        {
            scalar cVal = cVals[cellI];

            const cell& cFaces = mesh_.cells()[cellI];

            localPoints.clear();
            localTris.clear();
            pointToLocal.clear();

            // Create points for all intersections close to cell centre
            // (i.e. from pyramid edges)

            forAll(cFaces, cFaceI)
            {
                const face& f = mesh_.faces()[cFaces[cFaceI]];

                forAll(f, fp)
                {
                    label pointI = f[fp];

                    scalar s = isoFraction(cVal, pVals[pointI]);

                    if (s >= 0.0 && s <= 0.5)
                    {
                        if (pointToLocal.insert(pointI, localPoints.size()))
                        {
                            localPoints.append((1.0-s)*cc[cellI]+s*pts[pointI]);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            if (localPoints.size() == 1)
            {
                // No need for any analysis.
                snappedCc[cellI] = snappedPoints.size();
                snappedPoints.append(localPoints[0]);

                //Pout<< "cell:" << cellI
                //    << " at " << mesh_.cellCentres()[cellI]
                //    << " collapsing " << localPoints
                //    << " intersections down to "
                //    << snappedPoints[snappedCc[cellI]] << endl;
            }
            else if (localPoints.size() == 2)
            {
                //? No need for any analysis.???
                snappedCc[cellI] = snappedPoints.size();
                snappedPoints.append(0.5*(localPoints[0]+localPoints[1]));

                //Pout<< "cell:" << cellI
                //    << " at " << mesh_.cellCentres()[cellI]
                //    << " collapsing " << localPoints
                //    << " intersections down to "
                //    << snappedPoints[snappedCc[cellI]] << endl;
            }
            else if (localPoints.size())
            {
                // Need to analyse
                forAll(cFaces, cFaceI)
                {
                    const face& f = mesh_.faces()[cFaces[cFaceI]];

                    // Do a tetrahedrisation. Each face to cc becomes pyr.
                    // Each pyr gets split into tets by diagonalisation
                    // of face.

                    for (label fp = 1; fp < f.size() - 1; fp++)
                    {
                        triFace tri(f[0], f[fp], f[f.fcIndex(fp)]);
                    //List<triFace> tris(triangulate(f));
                    //forAll(tris, i)
                    //{
                    //    const triFace& tri = tris[i];

                        // Get fractions for the three edges to cell centre
                        FixedList<scalar, 3> s(3);
                        s[0] = isoFraction(cVal, pVals[tri[0]]);
                        s[1] = isoFraction(cVal, pVals[tri[1]]);
                        s[2] = isoFraction(cVal, pVals[tri[2]]);

                        if
                        (
                            (s[0] >= 0.0 && s[0] <= 0.5)
                         && (s[1] >= 0.0 && s[1] <= 0.5)
                         && (s[2] >= 0.0 && s[2] <= 0.5)
                        )
                        {
                            localTris.append
                            (
                                labelledTri
                                (
                                    pointToLocal[tri[0]],
                                    pointToLocal[tri[1]],
                                    pointToLocal[tri[2]],
                                    0
                                )
                            );
                        }
                    }
                }

                pointField surfPoints;
                surfPoints.transfer(localPoints);
                pointIndexHit info = collapseSurface(surfPoints, localTris);

                if (info.hit())
                {
                    snappedCc[cellI] = snappedPoints.size();
                    snappedPoints.append(info.hitPoint());

                    //Pout<< "cell:" << cellI
                    //    << " at " << mesh_.cellCentres()[cellI]
                    //    << " collapsing " << surfPoints
                    //    << " intersections down to "
                    //    << snappedPoints[snappedCc[cellI]] << endl;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}


// Generate triangles for face connected to pointI
void Foam::isoSurfaceCell::genPointTris
(
    const scalarField& cellValues,
    const scalarField& pointValues,
    const label pointI,
    const face& f,
    const label cellI,
    DynamicList<point, 64>& localTriPoints
) const
{
    const pointField& cc = mesh_.cellCentres();
    const pointField& pts = mesh_.points();

    for (label fp = 1; fp < f.size() - 1; fp++)
    {
        triFace tri(f[0], f[fp], f[f.fcIndex(fp)]);
    //List<triFace> tris(triangulate(f));
    //forAll(tris, i)
    //{
    //    const triFace& tri = tris[i];

        label index = findIndex(tri, pointI);

        if (index == -1)
        {
            continue;
        }

        // Tet between index..index-1, index..index+1, index..cc
        label b = tri[tri.fcIndex(index)];
        label c = tri[tri.rcIndex(index)];

        // Get fractions for the three edges emanating from point
        FixedList<scalar, 3> s(3);
        s[0] = isoFraction(pointValues[pointI], pointValues[b]);
        s[1] = isoFraction(pointValues[pointI], pointValues[c]);
        s[2] = isoFraction(pointValues[pointI], cellValues[cellI]);

        if
        (
            (s[0] >= 0.0 && s[0] <= 0.5)
         && (s[1] >= 0.0 && s[1] <= 0.5)
         && (s[2] >= 0.0 && s[2] <= 0.5)
        )
        {
            localTriPoints.append((1.0-s[0])*pts[pointI] + s[0]*pts[b]);
            localTriPoints.append((1.0-s[1])*pts[pointI] + s[1]*pts[c]);
            localTriPoints.append((1.0-s[2])*pts[pointI] + s[2]*cc[cellI]);
        }
    }
}


// Generate triangle for tet connected to pointI
void Foam::isoSurfaceCell::genPointTris
(
    const scalarField& pointValues,
    const label pointI,
    const label cellI,
    DynamicList<point, 64>& localTriPoints
) const
{
    const pointField& pts = mesh_.points();
    const cell& cFaces = mesh_.cells()[cellI];

    FixedList<label, 4> tet;

    label face0 = cFaces[0];
    const face& f0 = mesh_.faces()[face0];

    if (mesh_.faceOwner()[face0] != cellI)
    {
        tet[0] = f0[0];
        tet[1] = f0[1];
        tet[2] = f0[2];
    }
    else
    {
        tet[0] = f0[0];
        tet[1] = f0[2];
        tet[2] = f0[1];
    }

    // Find the point on the next face that is not on f0
    const face& f1 = mesh_.faces()[cFaces[1]];

    forAll(f1, fp)
    {
        label p1 = f1[fp];

        if (p1 != tet[0] && p1 != tet[1] && p1 != tet[2])
        {
            tet[3] = p1;
            break;
        }
    }


    // Get the index of pointI

    label i0 = findIndex(tet, pointI);
    label i1 = tet.fcIndex(i0);
    label i2 = tet.fcIndex(i1);
    label i3 = tet.fcIndex(i2);

    // Get fractions for the three edges emanating from point
    FixedList<scalar, 3> s(3);
    s[0] = isoFraction(pointValues[pointI], pointValues[tet[i1]]);
    s[1] = isoFraction(pointValues[pointI], pointValues[tet[i2]]);
    s[2] = isoFraction(pointValues[pointI], pointValues[tet[i3]]);

    if
    (
        (s[0] >= 0.0 && s[0] <= 0.5)
     && (s[1] >= 0.0 && s[1] <= 0.5)
     && (s[2] >= 0.0 && s[2] <= 0.5)
    )
    {
        localTriPoints.append((1.0-s[0])*pts[pointI] + s[0]*pts[tet[i1]]);
        localTriPoints.append((1.0-s[1])*pts[pointI] + s[1]*pts[tet[i2]]);
        localTriPoints.append((1.0-s[2])*pts[pointI] + s[2]*pts[tet[i3]]);
    }
}


void Foam::isoSurfaceCell::calcSnappedPoint
(
    const PackedBoolList& isBoundaryPoint,
    const PackedBoolList& isTet,
    const scalarField& cVals,
    const scalarField& pVals,

    DynamicList<point>& snappedPoints,
    labelList& snappedPoint
) const
{
    const point greatPoint(VGREAT, VGREAT, VGREAT);
    pointField collapsedPoint(mesh_.nPoints(), greatPoint);


    // Work arrays
    DynamicList<point, 64> localTriPoints(100);
    labelHashSet localPointCells(100);

    forAll(mesh_.pointFaces(), pointI)
    {
        if (isBoundaryPoint.get(pointI) == 1)
        {
            continue;
        }

        const labelList& pFaces = mesh_.pointFaces()[pointI];

        bool anyCut = false;

        forAll(pFaces, i)
        {
            label faceI = pFaces[i];

            if
            (
                cellCutType_[mesh_.faceOwner()[faceI]] == CUT
             || (
                    mesh_.isInternalFace(faceI)
                 && cellCutType_[mesh_.faceNeighbour()[faceI]] == CUT
                )
            )
            {
                anyCut = true;
                break;
            }
        }

        if (!anyCut)
        {
            continue;
        }


        localPointCells.clear();
        localTriPoints.clear();

        forAll(pFaces, pFaceI)
        {
            label faceI = pFaces[pFaceI];
            const face& f = mesh_.faces()[faceI];
            label own = mesh_.faceOwner()[faceI];

            // Triangulate around f[0] on owner side
            if (isTet.get(own) == 1)
            {
                if (localPointCells.insert(own))
                {
                    genPointTris(pVals, pointI, own, localTriPoints);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                genPointTris(cVals, pVals, pointI, f, own, localTriPoints);
            }

            if (mesh_.isInternalFace(faceI))
            {
                label nei = mesh_.faceNeighbour()[faceI];

                if (isTet.get(nei) == 1)
                {
                    if (localPointCells.insert(nei))
                    {
                        genPointTris(pVals, pointI, nei, localTriPoints);
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    genPointTris(cVals, pVals, pointI, f, nei, localTriPoints);
                }
            }
        }

        if (localTriPoints.size() == 3)
        {
            // Single triangle. No need for any analysis. Average points.
            pointField points;
            points.transfer(localTriPoints);
            collapsedPoint[pointI] = sum(points)/points.size();

            //Pout<< "    point:" << pointI
            //    << " replacing coord:" << mesh_.points()[pointI]
            //    << " by average:" << collapsedPoint[pointI] << endl;
        }
        else if (localTriPoints.size())
        {
            // Convert points into triSurface.

            // Merge points and compact out non-valid triangles
            labelList triMap;               // merged to unmerged triangle
            labelList triPointReverseMap;   // unmerged to merged point
            triSurface surf
            (
                stitchTriPoints
                (
                    false,                  // do not check for duplicate tris
                    localTriPoints,
                    triPointReverseMap,
                    triMap
                )
            );

            labelList faceZone;
            label nZones = surf.markZones
            (
                boolList(surf.nEdges(), false),
                faceZone
            );

            if (nZones == 1)
            {
                collapsedPoint[pointI] = calcCentre(surf);
                //Pout<< "    point:" << pointI << " nZones:" << nZones
                //    << " replacing coord:" << mesh_.points()[pointI]
                //    << " by average:" << collapsedPoint[pointI] << endl;
            }
        }
    }

    syncTools::syncPointList
    (
        mesh_,
        collapsedPoint,
        minEqOp<point>(),
        greatPoint,
        true                // are coordinates so separate
    );

    snappedPoint.setSize(mesh_.nPoints());
    snappedPoint = -1;

    forAll(collapsedPoint, pointI)
    {
        if (collapsedPoint[pointI] != greatPoint)
        {
            snappedPoint[pointI] = snappedPoints.size();
            snappedPoints.append(collapsedPoint[pointI]);
        }
    }
}




Foam::triSurface Foam::isoSurfaceCell::stitchTriPoints
(
    const bool checkDuplicates,
    const List<point>& triPoints,
    labelList& triPointReverseMap,  // unmerged to merged point
    labelList& triMap               // merged to unmerged triangle
) const
{
    label nTris = triPoints.size()/3;

    if ((triPoints.size() % 3) != 0)
    {
        FatalErrorIn("isoSurfaceCell::stitchTriPoints(..)")
            << "Problem: number of points " << triPoints.size()
            << " not a multiple of 3." << abort(FatalError);
    }

    pointField newPoints;
    mergePoints
    (
        triPoints,
        mergeDistance_,
        false,
        triPointReverseMap,
        newPoints
    );

    // Check that enough merged.
    if (debug)
    {
        pointField newNewPoints;
        labelList oldToNew;
        bool hasMerged = mergePoints
        (
            newPoints,
            mergeDistance_,
            true,
            oldToNew,
            newNewPoints
        );

        if (hasMerged)
        {
            FatalErrorIn("isoSurfaceCell::stitchTriPoints(..)")
                << "Merged points contain duplicates"
                << " when merging with distance " << mergeDistance_ << endl
                << "merged:" << newPoints.size() << " re-merged:"
                << newNewPoints.size()
                << abort(FatalError);
        }
    }


    List<labelledTri> tris;
    {
        DynamicList<labelledTri> dynTris(nTris);
        label rawPointI = 0;
        DynamicList<label> newToOldTri(nTris);

        for (label oldTriI = 0; oldTriI < nTris; oldTriI++)
        {
            labelledTri tri
            (
                triPointReverseMap[rawPointI],
                triPointReverseMap[rawPointI+1],
                triPointReverseMap[rawPointI+2],
                0
            );
            rawPointI += 3;

            if ((tri[0] != tri[1]) && (tri[0] != tri[2]) && (tri[1] != tri[2]))
            {
                newToOldTri.append(oldTriI);
                dynTris.append(tri);
            }
        }

        triMap.transfer(newToOldTri);
        tris.transfer(dynTris);
    }


    // Use face centres to determine 'flat hole' situation (see RMT paper).
    // Two unconnected triangles get connected because (some of) the edges
    // separating them get collapsed. Below only checks for duplicate triangles,
    // not non-manifold edge connectivity.
    if (checkDuplicates)
    {
        if (debug)
        {
            Pout<< "isoSurfaceCell : merged from " << nTris
                << " down to " << tris.size() << " triangles." << endl;
        }

        pointField centres(tris.size());
        forAll(tris, triI)
        {
            centres[triI] = tris[triI].centre(newPoints);
        }

        pointField mergedCentres;
        labelList oldToMerged;
        bool hasMerged = mergePoints
        (
            centres,
            mergeDistance_,
            false,
            oldToMerged,
            mergedCentres
        );

        if (debug)
        {
            Pout<< "isoSurfaceCell : detected "
                << centres.size()-mergedCentres.size()
                << " duplicate triangles." << endl;
        }

        if (hasMerged)
        {
            // Filter out duplicates.
            label newTriI = 0;
            DynamicList<label> newToOldTri(tris.size());
            labelList newToMaster(mergedCentres.size(), -1);
            forAll(tris, triI)
            {
                label mergedI = oldToMerged[triI];

                if (newToMaster[mergedI] == -1)
                {
                    newToMaster[mergedI] = triI;
                    newToOldTri.append(triMap[triI]);
                    tris[newTriI++] = tris[triI];
                }
            }

            triMap.transfer(newToOldTri);
            tris.setSize(newTriI);
        }
    }

    return triSurface(tris, geometricSurfacePatchList(0), newPoints, true);
}


// Does face use valid vertices?
bool Foam::isoSurfaceCell::validTri(const triSurface& surf, const label faceI)
{
    // Simple check on indices ok.

    const labelledTri& f = surf[faceI];

    if
    (
        (f[0] < 0) || (f[0] >= surf.points().size())
     || (f[1] < 0) || (f[1] >= surf.points().size())
     || (f[2] < 0) || (f[2] >= surf.points().size())
    )
    {
        WarningIn("validTri(const triSurface&, const label)")
            << "triangle " << faceI << " vertices " << f
            << " uses point indices outside point range 0.."
            << surf.points().size()-1 << endl;

        return false;
    }

    if ((f[0] == f[1]) || (f[0] == f[2]) || (f[1] == f[2]))
    {
        WarningIn("validTri(const triSurface&, const label)")
            << "triangle " << faceI
            << " uses non-unique vertices " << f
            << endl;
        return false;
    }

    // duplicate triangle check

    const labelList& fFaces = surf.faceFaces()[faceI];

    // Check if faceNeighbours use same points as this face.
    // Note: discards normal information - sides of baffle are merged.
    forAll(fFaces, i)
    {
        label nbrFaceI = fFaces[i];

        if (nbrFaceI <= faceI)
        {
            // lower numbered faces already checked
            continue;
        }

        const labelledTri& nbrF = surf[nbrFaceI];

        if
        (
            ((f[0] == nbrF[0]) || (f[0] == nbrF[1]) || (f[0] == nbrF[2]))
         && ((f[1] == nbrF[0]) || (f[1] == nbrF[1]) || (f[1] == nbrF[2]))
         && ((f[2] == nbrF[0]) || (f[2] == nbrF[1]) || (f[2] == nbrF[2]))
        )
        {
            WarningIn("validTri(const triSurface&, const label)")
                << "triangle " << faceI << " vertices " << f
                << " has the same vertices as triangle " << nbrFaceI
                << " vertices " << nbrF
                << endl;

            return false;
        }
    }
    return true;
}


void Foam::isoSurfaceCell::calcAddressing
(
    const triSurface& surf,
    List<FixedList<label, 3> >& faceEdges,
    labelList& edgeFace0,
    labelList& edgeFace1,
    Map<labelList>& edgeFacesRest
) const
{
    const pointField& points = surf.points();

    pointField edgeCentres(3*surf.size());
    label edgeI = 0;
    forAll(surf, triI)
    {
        const labelledTri& tri = surf[triI];
        edgeCentres[edgeI++] = 0.5*(points[tri[0]]+points[tri[1]]);
        edgeCentres[edgeI++] = 0.5*(points[tri[1]]+points[tri[2]]);
        edgeCentres[edgeI++] = 0.5*(points[tri[2]]+points[tri[0]]);
    }

    pointField mergedCentres;
    labelList oldToMerged;
    bool hasMerged = mergePoints
    (
        edgeCentres,
        mergeDistance_,
        false,
        oldToMerged,
        mergedCentres
    );

    if (debug)
    {
        Pout<< "isoSurfaceCell : detected "
            << mergedCentres.size()
            << " edges on " << surf.size() << " triangles." << endl;
    }

    if (!hasMerged)
    {
        if (surf.size() == 1)
        {
            faceEdges.setSize(1);
            faceEdges[0][0] = 0;
            faceEdges[0][1] = 1;
            faceEdges[0][2] = 2;
            edgeFace0.setSize(1);
            edgeFace0[0] = 0;
            edgeFace1.setSize(1);
            edgeFace1[0] = -1;
            edgeFacesRest.clear();
        }
        return;
    }


    // Determine faceEdges
    faceEdges.setSize(surf.size());
    edgeI = 0;
    forAll(surf, triI)
    {
        faceEdges[triI][0] = oldToMerged[edgeI++];
        faceEdges[triI][1] = oldToMerged[edgeI++];
        faceEdges[triI][2] = oldToMerged[edgeI++];
    }


    // Determine edgeFaces
    edgeFace0.setSize(mergedCentres.size());
    edgeFace0 = -1;
    edgeFace1.setSize(mergedCentres.size());
    edgeFace1 = -1;
    edgeFacesRest.clear();

    forAll(oldToMerged, oldEdgeI)
    {
        label triI = oldEdgeI / 3;
        label edgeI = oldToMerged[oldEdgeI];

        if (edgeFace0[edgeI] == -1)
        {
            edgeFace0[edgeI] = triI;
        }
        else if (edgeFace1[edgeI] == -1)
        {
            edgeFace1[edgeI] = triI;
        }
        else
        {
            //WarningIn("orientSurface(triSurface&)")
            //    << "Edge " << edgeI << " with centre " << mergedCentres[edgeI]
            //    << " used by more than two triangles: " << edgeFace0[edgeI]
            //    << ", "
            //    << edgeFace1[edgeI] << " and " << triI << endl;
            Map<labelList>::iterator iter = edgeFacesRest.find(edgeI);

            if (iter != edgeFacesRest.end())
            {
                labelList& eFaces = iter();
                label sz = eFaces.size();
                eFaces.setSize(sz+1);
                eFaces[sz] = triI;
            }
            else
            {
                edgeFacesRest.insert(edgeI, labelList(1, triI));
            }
        }
    }
}


void Foam::isoSurfaceCell::walkOrientation
(
    const triSurface& surf,
    const List<FixedList<label, 3> >& faceEdges,
    const labelList& edgeFace0,
    const labelList& edgeFace1,
    const label seedTriI,
    labelList& flipState
)
{
    // Do walk for consistent orientation.
    DynamicList<label> changedFaces(surf.size());

    changedFaces.append(seedTriI);

    while (changedFaces.size())
    {
        DynamicList<label> newChangedFaces(changedFaces.size());

        forAll(changedFaces, i)
        {
            label triI = changedFaces[i];
            const labelledTri& tri = surf[triI];
            const FixedList<label, 3>& fEdges = faceEdges[triI];

            forAll(fEdges, fp)
            {
                label edgeI = fEdges[fp];

                // my points:
                label p0 = tri[fp];
                label p1 = tri[tri.fcIndex(fp)];

                label nbrI =
                (
                    edgeFace0[edgeI] != triI
                  ? edgeFace0[edgeI]
                  : edgeFace1[edgeI]
                );

                if (nbrI != -1 && flipState[nbrI] == -1)
                {
                    const labelledTri& nbrTri = surf[nbrI];

                    // nbr points
                    label nbrFp = findIndex(nbrTri, p0);
                    label nbrP1 = nbrTri[nbrTri.rcIndex(nbrFp)];

                    bool sameOrientation = (p1 == nbrP1);

                    if (flipState[triI] == 0)
                    {
                        flipState[nbrI] = (sameOrientation ? 0 : 1);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        flipState[nbrI] = (sameOrientation ? 1 : 0);
                    }
                    newChangedFaces.append(nbrI);
                }
            }
        }

        changedFaces.transfer(newChangedFaces);
    }
}


void Foam::isoSurfaceCell::orientSurface
(
    triSurface& surf,
    const List<FixedList<label, 3> >& faceEdges,
    const labelList& edgeFace0,
    const labelList& edgeFace1,
    const Map<labelList>& edgeFacesRest
)
{
    // -1 : unvisited
    //  0 : leave as is
    //  1 : flip
    labelList flipState(surf.size(), -1);

    label seedTriI = 0;

    while (true)
    {
        // Find first unvisited triangle
        for
        (
            ;
            seedTriI < surf.size() && flipState[seedTriI] != -1;
            seedTriI++
        )
        {}

        if (seedTriI == surf.size())
        {
            break;
        }

        // Note: Determine orientation of seedTriI?
        // for now assume it is ok
        flipState[seedTriI] = 0;

        walkOrientation
        (
            surf,
            faceEdges,
            edgeFace0,
            edgeFace1,
            seedTriI,
            flipState
        );
    }

    // Do actual flipping
    surf.clearOut();
    forAll(surf, triI)
    {
        if (flipState[triI] == 1)
        {
            labelledTri tri(surf[triI]);

            surf[triI][0] = tri[0];
            surf[triI][1] = tri[2];
            surf[triI][2] = tri[1];
        }
        else if (flipState[triI] == -1)
        {
            FatalErrorIn
            (
                "isoSurfaceCell::orientSurface(triSurface&, const label)"
            )   << "problem" << abort(FatalError);
        }
    }
}


// Checks if triangle is connected through edgeI only.
bool Foam::isoSurfaceCell::danglingTriangle
(
    const FixedList<label, 3>& fEdges,
    const labelList& edgeFace1
)
{
    label nOpen = 0;
    forAll(fEdges, i)
    {
        if (edgeFace1[fEdges[i]] == -1)
        {
            nOpen++;
        }
    }

    if (nOpen == 1 || nOpen == 2 || nOpen == 3)
    {
        return true;
    }
    else
    {
        return false;
    }
}


// Mark triangles to keep. Returns number of dangling triangles.
Foam::label Foam::isoSurfaceCell::markDanglingTriangles
(
    const List<FixedList<label, 3> >& faceEdges,
    const labelList& edgeFace0,
    const labelList& edgeFace1,
    const Map<labelList>& edgeFacesRest,
    boolList& keepTriangles
)
{
    keepTriangles.setSize(faceEdges.size());
    keepTriangles = true;

    label nDangling = 0;

    // Remove any dangling triangles
    forAllConstIter(Map<labelList>,  edgeFacesRest, iter)
    {
        // These are all the non-manifold edges. Filter out all triangles
        // with only one connected edge (= this edge)

        label edgeI = iter.key();
        const labelList& otherEdgeFaces = iter();

        // Remove all dangling triangles
        if (danglingTriangle(faceEdges[edgeFace0[edgeI]], edgeFace1))
        {
            keepTriangles[edgeFace0[edgeI]] = false;
            nDangling++;
        }
        if (danglingTriangle(faceEdges[edgeFace1[edgeI]], edgeFace1))
        {
            keepTriangles[edgeFace1[edgeI]] = false;
            nDangling++;
        }
        forAll(otherEdgeFaces, i)
        {
            label triI = otherEdgeFaces[i];
            if (danglingTriangle(faceEdges[triI], edgeFace1))
            {
                keepTriangles[triI] = false;
                nDangling++;
            }
        }
    }
    return nDangling;
}


Foam::triSurface Foam::isoSurfaceCell::subsetMesh
(
    const triSurface& s,
    const labelList& newToOldFaces,
    labelList& oldToNewPoints,
    labelList& newToOldPoints
)
{
    const boolList include
    (
        createWithValues<boolList>
        (
            s.size(),
            false,
            newToOldFaces,
            true
        )
    );

    newToOldPoints.setSize(s.points().size());
    oldToNewPoints.setSize(s.points().size());
    oldToNewPoints = -1;
    {
        label pointI = 0;

        forAll(include, oldFacei)
        {
            if (include[oldFacei])
            {
                // Renumber labels for triangle
                const labelledTri& tri = s[oldFacei];

                forAll(tri, fp)
                {
                    label oldPointI = tri[fp];

                    if (oldToNewPoints[oldPointI] == -1)
                    {
                        oldToNewPoints[oldPointI] = pointI;
                        newToOldPoints[pointI++] = oldPointI;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        newToOldPoints.setSize(pointI);
    }

    // Extract points
    pointField newPoints(newToOldPoints.size());
    forAll(newToOldPoints, i)
    {
        newPoints[i] = s.points()[newToOldPoints[i]];
    }
    // Extract faces
    List<labelledTri> newTriangles(newToOldFaces.size());

    forAll(newToOldFaces, i)
    {
        // Get old vertex labels
        const labelledTri& tri = s[newToOldFaces[i]];

        newTriangles[i][0] = oldToNewPoints[tri[0]];
        newTriangles[i][1] = oldToNewPoints[tri[1]];
        newTriangles[i][2] = oldToNewPoints[tri[2]];
        newTriangles[i].region() = tri.region();
    }

    // Reuse storage.
    return triSurface(newTriangles, s.patches(), newPoints, true);
}


// * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Constructors  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * //

Foam::isoSurfaceCell::isoSurfaceCell
(
    const polyMesh& mesh,
    const scalarField& cVals,
    const scalarField& pVals,
    const scalar iso,
    const bool regularise,
    const scalar mergeTol
)
:
    mesh_(mesh),
    iso_(iso),
    mergeDistance_(mergeTol*mesh.bounds().mag())
{
    // Determine if cell is tet
    PackedBoolList isTet(mesh_.nCells());
    {
        tetMatcher tet;

        forAll(isTet, cellI)
        {
            if (tet.isA(mesh_, cellI))
            {
                isTet.set(cellI, 1);
            }
        }
    }

    // Determine if point is on boundary. Points on boundaries are never
    // snapped. Coupled boundaries are handled explicitly so not marked here.
    PackedBoolList isBoundaryPoint(mesh_.nPoints());
    const polyBoundaryMesh& patches = mesh_.boundaryMesh();
    forAll(patches, patchI)
    {
        const polyPatch& pp = patches[patchI];

        if (!pp.coupled())
        {
            label faceI = pp.start();
            forAll(pp, i)
            {
                const face& f = mesh_.faces()[faceI++];

                forAll(f, fp)
                {
                    isBoundaryPoint.set(f[fp], 1);
                }
            }
        }
    }


    // Determine if any cut through cell
    calcCutTypes(isTet, cVals, pVals);

    DynamicList<point> snappedPoints(nCutCells_);

    // Per cc -1 or a point inside snappedPoints.
    labelList snappedCc;
    if (regularise)
    {
        calcSnappedCc
        (
            isTet,
            cVals,
            pVals,
            snappedPoints,
            snappedCc
        );
    }
    else
    {
        snappedCc.setSize(mesh_.nCells());
        snappedCc = -1;
    }

    if (debug)
    {
        Pout<< "isoSurfaceCell : shifted " << snappedPoints.size()
            << " cell centres to intersection." << endl;
    }

    snappedPoints.shrink();
    label nCellSnaps = snappedPoints.size();

    // Per point -1 or a point inside snappedPoints.
    labelList snappedPoint;
    if (regularise)
    {
        calcSnappedPoint
        (
            isBoundaryPoint,
            isTet,
            cVals,
            pVals,
            snappedPoints,
            snappedPoint
        );
    }
    else
    {
        snappedPoint.setSize(mesh_.nPoints());
        snappedPoint = -1;
    }

    if (debug)
    {
        Pout<< "isoSurfaceCell : shifted " << snappedPoints.size()-nCellSnaps
            << " vertices to intersection." << endl;
    }



    DynamicList<point> triPoints(nCutCells_);
    DynamicList<label> triMeshCells(nCutCells_);

    generateTriPoints
    (
        cVals,
        pVals,

        mesh_.cellCentres(),
        mesh_.points(),

        snappedPoints,
        snappedCc,
        snappedPoint,

        triPoints,
        triMeshCells
    );

    if (debug)
    {
        Pout<< "isoSurfaceCell : generated " << triMeshCells.size()
            << " unmerged triangles." << endl;
    }

    // Merge points and compact out non-valid triangles
    labelList triMap;           // merged to unmerged triangle
    triSurface::operator=
    (
        stitchTriPoints
        (
            true,               // check for duplicate tris
            triPoints,
            triPointMergeMap_,  // unmerged to merged point
            triMap
        )
    );

    if (debug)
    {
        Pout<< "isoSurfaceCell : generated " << triMap.size()
            << " merged triangles." << endl;
    }

    meshCells_.setSize(triMap.size());
    forAll(triMap, i)
    {
        meshCells_[i] = triMeshCells[triMap[i]];
    }

    if (debug)
    {
        Pout<< "isoSurfaceCell : checking " << size()
            << " triangles for validity." << endl;

        forAll(*this, triI)
        {
            // Copied from surfaceCheck
            validTri(*this, triI);
        }
    }


//if (false)
{
    List<FixedList<label, 3> > faceEdges;
    labelList edgeFace0, edgeFace1;
    Map<labelList> edgeFacesRest;


    while (true)
    {
        // Calculate addressing
        calcAddressing(*this, faceEdges, edgeFace0, edgeFace1, edgeFacesRest);

        // See if any dangling triangles
        boolList keepTriangles;
        label nDangling = markDanglingTriangles
        (
            faceEdges,
            edgeFace0,
            edgeFace1,
            edgeFacesRest,
            keepTriangles
        );

        if (debug)
        {
            Pout<< "isoSurfaceCell : detected " << nDangling
                << " dangling triangles." << endl;
        }

        if (nDangling == 0)
        {
            break;
        }

        // Create face map (new to old)
        labelList subsetTriMap(findIndices(keepTriangles, true));

        labelList subsetPointMap;
        labelList reversePointMap;
        triSurface::operator=
        (
            subsetMesh
            (
                *this,
                subsetTriMap,
                reversePointMap,
                subsetPointMap
            )
        );
        meshCells_ = labelField(meshCells_, subsetTriMap);
        inplaceRenumber(reversePointMap, triPointMergeMap_);
    }

    orientSurface(*this, faceEdges, edgeFace0, edgeFace1, edgeFacesRest);
}

    //combineCellTriangles();
}


////XXXXXXX
//// Experimental retriangulation of triangles per cell. Problem is that
//// -it is very expensive   -only gets rid of internal points, not of boundary
//// ones so limited benefit (e.g. 60 v.s. 88 triangles)
//void Foam::isoSurfaceCell::combineCellTriangles()
//{
//    if (size())
//    {
//        DynamicList<labelledTri> newTris(size());
//        DynamicList<label> newTriToCell(size());
//
//        label startTriI = 0;
//
//        DynamicList<labelledTri> tris;
//
//        for (label triI = 1; triI <= meshCells_.size(); triI++)
//        {
//            if
//            (
//                triI == meshCells_.size()
//             || meshCells_[triI] != meshCells_[startTriI]
//            )
//            {
//                label nTris = triI-startTriI;
//
//                if (nTris == 1)
//                {
//                    newTris.append(operator[](startTriI));
//                    newTriToCell.append(meshCells_[startTriI]);
//                }
//                else
//                {
//                    // Collect from startTriI to triI in a triSurface
//                    tris.clear();
//                    for (label i = startTriI; i < triI; i++)
//                    {
//                        tris.append(operator[](i));
//                    }
//                    triSurface cellTris(tris, patches(), points());
//                    tris.clear();
//
//                    // Get outside
//                    const labelListList& loops = cellTris.edgeLoops();
//
//                    forAll(loops, i)
//                    {
//                        // Do proper triangulation of loop
//                        face loop(renumber(cellTris.meshPoints(), loops[i]));
//
//                        faceTriangulation faceTris
//                        (
//                            points(),
//                            loop,
//                            true
//                        );
//
//                        // Copy into newTris
//                        forAll(faceTris, faceTriI)
//                        {
//                            const triFace& tri = faceTris[faceTriI];
//
//                            newTris.append
//                            (
//                                labelledTri
//                                (
//                                    tri[0],
//                                    tri[1],
//                                    tri[2],
//                                    operator[](startTriI).region()
//                                )
//                            );
//                            newTriToCell.append(meshCells_[startTriI]);
//                        }
//                    }
//                }
//
//                startTriI = triI;
//            }
//        }
//        newTris.shrink();
//        newTriToCell.shrink();
//
//        // Compact
//        pointField newPoints(points().size());
//        label newPointI = 0;
//        labelList oldToNewPoint(points().size(), -1);
//
//        forAll(newTris, i)
//        {
//            labelledTri& tri = newTris[i];
//            forAll(tri, j)
//            {
//                label pointI = tri[j];
//
//                if (oldToNewPoint[pointI] == -1)
//                {
//                    oldToNewPoint[pointI] = newPointI;
//                    newPoints[newPointI++] = points()[pointI];
//                }
//                tri[j] = oldToNewPoint[pointI];
//            }
//        }
//        newPoints.setSize(newPointI);
//
//        triSurface::operator=
//        (
//            triSurface
//            (
//                newTris,
//                patches(),
//                newPoints,
//                true
//            )
//        );
//        meshCells_.transfer(newTriToCell);
//    }
//}
////XXXXXXX

// ************************ vim: set sw=4 sts=4 et: ************************ //
